A number of key regulators have been identified to play important roles at various developmental stages of haematopoiesis or in distinct blood cell lineages and is anticipated that more regulators for immune cell development or haematopoiesis involved in primary immunodeficiency and SLE will be identified in Programme 3. The genome-editing capacity of human EPSCs enables generation of conditional or inducible mutations of the genes encoding the key haematopoiesis regulators, which will facilitate investigation of the consequences of these mutations in normal haematopoiesis and in the development of the human disease.